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Cisco Active Network Abstraction Technology Support and Information Model Reference Manual, 3.6
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Introduction
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Internet Protocol "IP"
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Routing Protocols "BGP/OSPF"
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Ethernet (IEEE 802.3)
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Token Ring "TR" (IEEE 802.5)
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode "ATM"
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Frame Relay "FR"
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Point-to-Point Protocol "PPP" and High Level Data Link Control "HDLC"
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Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol "L2TP"
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Digital Subscriber Line "DSL" and Integrated Services Digital Network "ISDN"
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Physical Technologies
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Multiprotocol Label Switching "MPLS"
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Multi Protocol Label Switching Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE)
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Virtual Private Networks "VPNs"
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Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge to Edge (PWE3)
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Quality of Service "QoS"
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Physical Equipment
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Base Logical Components
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Common (Shared by Several)
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Feedback
Table Of Contents
Inventory and Information Model Objects (IMOs)
IP Range Based Address Pool Entry
IP Subnet Based Address Pool Entry
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) Group Entry
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnel Interface
Internet Protocol "IP"
This chapter describes the level of support that Cisco ANA provides for IP, as follows:
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Inventory and Information Model Objects (IMOs)
Technology Description
IP
The Internet Protocol (IP) is a network layer (Layer 3) protocol that contains addressing information and some control information that enables packets to be routed. IP is documented in RFC 791 and is the primary network layer protocol in the Internet protocol suite. Along with the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), IP represents the heart of the Internet protocols. IP has two primary responsibilities: providing connectionless, best-effort delivery of datagrams through an inter-network; and providing fragmentation and reassembly of data-grams to support data links with different Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) sizes.
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address (IP address) to a physical machine address, known as a Media Access Control or MAC address that is recognized in the local network. For example, in IP Version 4, the most common level of IP in use today, an address is 32 bits long. In an Ethernet local area network, however, addresses for attached devices are 48 bits long. A table, usually called the ARP cache, is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC address and its corresponding IP address. ARP provides the protocol rules for making this correlation and providing address conversion in both directions.
HSRP
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) is a routing protocol that provides automatic router backup by allowing host computers on the Internet to use multiple routers that act as a single virtual router, maintaining connectivity even if the first hop router fails, because other routers are on hot standby and ready to go. The protocol is fully compatible with Novell's Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX), AppleTalk, and Banyan VINES, and (in some configurations) with Xerox Network Systems (XNS) and DECnet.
Developed by Cisco and specified in RFC 2281, HSRP ensures that only a single router (called the active router) is forwarding packets on behalf of the virtual router at any given time. A standby router is chosen to be ready to become the active router, in the event that the current active router fails. HSRP defines a mechanism used to determine active and standby routers by referring to their IP addresses. Once these are determined, the failure of an active router will not cause any significant interruption of connectivity.
On any given LAN, there may be multiple, possibly overlapping, hot standby groups, each with a single Media Access Control (MAC) address and IP address; the IP address should belong to the primary subnet, but must be different from any actual or virtual addresses allocated to any routers or hosts on the network.
GRE
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) is a tunneling protocol, originated by Cisco Systems and standardized in RFC 2784. It was designed to encapsulate a wide variety of network layer packets inside IP tunneling packets. The original packet is the payload for the final packet. The protocol is used on the Internet to secure virtual private networks.
Inventory and Information Model Objects (IMOs)
This section includes the following tables:
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IP Interface
The following network layer IP Interface object, which represents the IP level functionality of an interface configuration in a network element, is primarily bound by its Containing Termination Points attribute to a Data Link Layer Interface object, and is primarily accessed by a Routing Entity.
Table 2-1 IP Interface (IIPInterface)
IP Address
Primary IP address
Subnetwork Mask
Primary IP subnetwork mask
IP Interface Addresses
Array of all IP Interface Addresses
Interface Name
Interface name
Interface Description
Interface description
IP Interface State
IP interface state (Unknown, Up, Down)
OSPF Interface Cost
2x10^9/<interface speed in BPS>
MTU
Maximum transmit units
Lookup Method
Lookup method (Route Table First, Host Table First)
Address Resolution Type
Address resolution type/s
ARP Timeout
ARP table entry aging timeout
Secured ARP
Secured ARP settings (Enable, Disable)
ICMP Mask Reply
Control message mask reply
IGMP Proxy
Group management proxy
HSRP Groups
Arrays of Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) Group Entry (valid only for Cisco routers that implement HSRP)
IP Multiplexing Table
IANA Type
IANA type of the sub/layer
Containing Termination Points
Underlying termination points (connection or physical)
Contained Connection Termination Points
Bound Connection Termination Points
IP Multiplexer Entry
The following IP Multiplexer Entry object, of the IP Multiplexing Table of an IP Interface object, is used when an IP Interface is bound to multiple Virtual Connection based Data Link layer interfaces such as ATM Interface and Frame Relay Interface in order to map a Destination IP Subnet with a specific Virtual Connection.
Table 2-2 IP Multiplexer Entry (IIPMuxEntry)
Termination Point
Virtual data link layer encapsulation
Destination IP Subnet
Destination IP subnet
IP Interface Address
The following IP Interface Address object describes one of possible multiple IP Addresses along with their Subnetwork Masks assigned to an IP Interface, using an IP Subnetwork object, and whether it is the Primary or a Secondary one.
Table 2-3 IP Interface Address (IIPInterfaceAddress)
Type
IP address type (Primary, Secondary)
IP Subnet
IP subnetwork
IP Subnetwork
The following IP Subnetwork type (not an IMO object) describes an IP Subnetwork Address (with the host part being zeroed) or alternatively a Host IP Address along with the IP Subnetwork Mask.
Table 2-4 IP Subnetwork (IPSubnet)
IP Address
IP address
Subnetwork Mask
IP subnetwork mask
Routing Entity
The following Routing Entity object describes the routing and address resolution protocols independent forwarding component of an IP router, which is bound by its Logical Sons attribute to all Network layer IP Interface objects, which IP Packets are being routed between, by this Routing Entity.
Table 2-5 Routing Entity (IRoutingEntity)
Routing Table
ARP Entity
Address resolution entity (ARP Entity)
Routing Table Changes
Routing table changes count
Name
Routing entity name
Logical Sons
Array of all IP Interfaces which IP packets are being routed between, by this Routing Entity
Equivalent Routing Entry
The following Equivalent Routing Entry and Routing Entry objects describe a routing table's entries, each as an array of routing entries sharing a single IP Subnetwork destination. Based on their protocol type some of the device's routing table's entries, which are not relevant to the IMO model, may not be presented in this table structure.
Table 2-6 Equivalent Routing Entry (IRoutingEntries)
Routing Entries
Array of Routing Entries (sharing a single destination)
Routing Entry
ARP Entity
The following ARP Entity object describes a routing domain wide Internet Protocol (IP) address to Media Access Control (MAC) Address Resolution Protocol Entity.
Table 2-8 ARP Entity (IARPEntity)
ARP Table
Array of ARP Entries
ARP Entry
The following ARP Entry object describes a routing domain wide Internet Protocol (IP) address to Media Access Control (MAC) Address Resolution Protocol Table's Entry.
IP Address Pool
The following IP Address Pool with its IP Range Based Address Pool Entry and IP Subnet Based Address Pool Entry objects describe an IP Address Pool of a Gateway/Router device for distribution to local and remote parties by protocols such as DHCP and IPCP.
Table 2-10 IP Address Pool (IIPPool)
IP Address Pool Entries
Array of IP Range Based Address Pool Entries or IP Subnet Based Address Pool Entries
Name
IP addresses pool name
Index
IP addresses pool index
IP Range Based Address Pool Entry
IP Subnet Based Address Pool Entry
Table 2-12 IP Subnet Based Address Pool Entry (IIPSubnetBasedIPPoolEntry)
IP Subnet
IP Subnetwork of the IP address pool
Unused Addresses
Unused addresses count
Used Addresses
Used addresses count
Reserved Addresses
Reserved addresses count
Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) Group Entry
The following Cisco Specific Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) Group Entry object, describes both the configuration and the outcome information of running this protocol within a group (two) of routers, connected to the same segment of Ethernet networks for providing backup to a router in the event of failure, by presenting an appearance of a single virtual router with a single set of IP and MAC addresses on that Local Area Network (LAN).
Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnel Interface
The following network layer Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnel Interface object, which represents a GRE Tunnel interface configuration in a network element, is primarily accessed by an IP Interface bound by its Contained Connection Termination Points attribute.
Network Topology
The discovery of the Internet Protocol (IP) network layer is unsupported.
However, IP addresses and subnets are used for signature/test for the underlying MPLS and PPP layers topology discovery by searching for the existence of the local IP Address in any one hop away remote side's routing table. For more information see "Multiprotocol Label Switching "MPLS"" and "Point-to-Point Protocol "PPP" and High Level Data Link Control "HDLC"".
In particular, a comparison is made between the local and remote IP Addresses of IP Interfaces found under the same subnet.
Service Alarms
The following alarms are supported for this technology:
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