Table Of Contents
Router Memory Commands
Flash Memory File System Types
memory scan
memory-size iomem
partition
show (Flash file system)
show memory scan
write memory
write network
Router Memory Commands
This chapter provides detailed descriptions of the commands used to maintain router memory.
For configuration information and examples, refer to the "Maintaining Router Memory" chapter in the Release 12.2 Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide.
Flash Memory File System Types
Cisco platforms generally use one of three different Flash memory file system type. Some commands are supported on only one or two file system types.
Use Table 36 to determine which Flash memory file system type your platform uses.
Table 36 Flash Memory File System Types
Type
|
Platforms
|
Class A
|
Cisco 7000 family, Cisco 12000 series, LightStream LS1010 series
|
Class B
|
Cisco 1003, Cisco 1004, Cisco 1005, Cisco 2500 series, Cisco 3600 series, Cisco 4000 series, Cisco AS5200 access servers
|
Class C
|
Cisco MC3810 multiservice concentrators; disk0 and disk1 of Cisco SC3640 system controllers
|
memory scan
To enable the Memory Scan feature on a Cisco 7500 series router, use the memory scan command. To restore the router configuration to the default, use the no form of this command.
memory scan
no memory scan
Syntax Description
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Defaults
This command is disabled by default.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Release
|
Modification
|
12.0(4)XE
|
This command was introduced.
|
12.0(7)T
|
This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12.0 T.
|
Usage Guidelines
The Memory Scan feature adds a low-priority background process that searches all installed dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) for possible parity errors. If errors are found in memory areas that are not in use, this feature attempts to scrub (remove) the errors. The time to complete one memory scan and scrub cycle can range from 10 minutes to several hours, depending on the amount of installed memory. The impact of the Memory Scan feature on the central processing unit (CPU) is minimal. To view the status of the memory scan feature on your router, use the show memory scan command in EXEC mode.
Examples
The following example enables the Memory Scan feature on a Cisco 7500 series router:
Router(config)# memory scan
Related Commands
Command
|
Description
|
show memory scan
|
Displays the number and type of parity errors on your system (Cisco 7500 series only).
|
memory-size iomem
To reallocate the percentage of DRAM to use for I/O memory and processor memory on Cisco 3600 series routers, use the memory-size iomem global configuration command. To revert to the default memory allocation, use the no form of this command.
memory-size iomem i/o-memory-percentage
no memory-size iomem i/o-memory-percentage
Syntax Description
i/o-memory-percentage
|
The percentage of DRAM allocated to I/O memory. The values permitted are 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 50. A minimum of 4 MB of memory is required for I/O memory.
|
Defaults
The default memory allocation is 25 percent I/O memory and 75 percent processor memory.
Note
If the smartinit process has been enabled, the default memory allocation of 25% to I/O does not apply. Instead, smartinit examines the network modules and then calculates the I/O memory required.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Release
|
Modification
|
11.2 P
|
This command was introduced.
|
Usage Guidelines
When you specify the percentage of I/O memory in the command line, processor memory automatically acquires the remaining percentage of DRAM memory.
Examples
The following example allocates 40 percent of the DRAM memory to I/O memory and the remaining 60 percent to processor memory:
Router# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# memory-size iomem 40
Router# copy system:running-config nvram:startup-config
Building configuration...
program load complete, entry point: 0x80008000, size: 0x32ea24
Self decompressing the image :
##########################################################################################
##########################################################################################
################################################################## [OK]
partition
To separate Flash memory into partitions on Class B file system platforms, use the partition global configuration command. To undo partitioning and to restore Flash memory to one partition, use the no form of this command.
Cisco 1600 Series and Cisco 3600 Series Routers
partition flash-filesystem: [number-of-partitions][partition-size]
no partition flash-filesystem:
All Other Class B Platforms
partition flash partitions [size1 size2]
no partition flash
Syntax Description
flash-filesystem:
|
One of the following Flash file systems, which must be followed by a colon (:). The Cisco 1600 series can only use the flash: keyword.
• flash:—Internal Flash memory
• slot0:—Flash memory card in PCMCIA slot 0
• slot1:—Flash memory card in PCMCIA slot 1
|
number-of-partitions
|
(Optional) Number of partitions in Flash memory.
|
partition-size
|
(Optional) Size of each partition. The number of partition size entries must be equal to the number of specified partitions.
|
partitions
|
Number of partitions in Flash memory. Can be 1 or 2.
|
size1
|
(Optional) Size of the first partition (in megabytes).
|
size2
|
(Optional) Size of the second partition (in megabytes).
|
Defaults
Flash memory consists of one partition.
If the partition size is not specified, partitions of equal size are created.
Command Modes
Global configuration
Command History
Release
|
Modification
|
10.3
|
This command was introduced.
|
Usage Guidelines
For the Cisco 1600 series and Cisco 3600 series routers, to undo partitioning, use the partition flash-filesystem:1 or no partition flash-filesystem: command. For other Class B platforms, use either the partition flash 1 or no partition flash command. If there are files in a partition other than the first, you must use the erase flash-filesystem:partition-number command to erase the partition before reverting to a single partition.
When creating two partitions, you must not truncate a file or cause a file to spill over into the second partition.
Examples
The following example creates two partitions of 4 MB each in Flash memory:
Router(config)# partition flash 2 4 4
The following example divides the Flash memory card in slot 0 into two partitions, each 8 MB in size on a Cisco 3600 series router:
Router(config)# partition slot0: 2 8 8
The following example creates four partitions of equal size in the card on a Cisco 1600 series router:
Router(config)# partition flash: 4
show (Flash file system)
To display the layout and contents of a Flash memory file system, use the show EXEC command.
Class A Flash File Systems
show flash-filesystem: [all | chips | filesys]
Class B Flash File Systems
show flash-filesystem: [partition number] [all | chips | detailed | err | summary]
Class C Flash File Systems
show flash-filesystem:
Syntax Description
flash-filesystem:
|
Flash memory file system (bootflash:, flash:, slot0:, slot1:, slavebootflash:, slaveslot0:, or slaveslot1:), followed by a colon.
|
all
|
(Optional) On Class B Flash file systems, all keyword displays complete information about Flash memory, including information about the individual ROM devices in Flash memory and the names and sizes of all system image files stored in Flash memory, including those that are invalid.
On Class A Flash file systems, the all keyword displays the following information:
• The information displayed when no keywords are used.
• The information displayed by the filesys keyword.
• The information displayed by the chips keyword.
|
chips
|
(Optional) Displays information per partition and per chip, including which bank the chip is in, plus its code, size, and name.
|
filesys
|
(Optional) Displays the Device Info Block, the Status Info, and the Usage Info.
|
partition number
|
(Optional) Displays output for the specified partition number. If you do not specify a partition in the command, the router displays output for all partitions. You can use this keyword only when Flash memory has multiple partitions.
|
detailed
|
(Optional) Displays detailed file directory information per partition, including file length, address, name, Flash memory checksum, computer checksum, bytes used, bytes available, total bytes, and bytes of system Flash memory.
|
err
|
(Optional) Displays write or erase failures in the form of number of retries.
|
summary
|
(Optional) Displays summary information per partition, including the partition size, bank size, state, and method by which files can be copied into a particular partition. You can use this keyword only when Flash memory has multiple partitions.
|
Command Modes
EXEC
Command History
Release
|
Modification
|
11.3 AA
|
This command was introduced.
|
Usage Guidelines
If Flash memory is partitioned, the command displays the requested output for each partition, unless you use the partition keyword.
The command also specifies the location of the current image.
To display the contents of boot Flash memory on Class A or B file systems, use the show bootflash: command as follows:
Class A Flash file systems
show bootflash: [all | chips | filesys]
Class B Flash file systems
show bootflash: [partition number] [all | chips | detailed | err]
To display the contents of internal Flash memory on Class A or B file systems, use the show flash: command as follows:
Class A Flash file systems
show flash: [all | chips | filesys]
Class B Flash file systems
show flash: [partition number][all | chips | detailed | err | summary]
The show (Flash file system) command replaces the show flash devices command.
Examples
The output of the show command depends on the type of Flash file system you select. Types include flash:, bootflash:, slot0:, slot1:, slavebootflash:, slaveslot0:, and slaveslot1:.
Examples of output from the show flash command are provided in the following sections:
•
Class A Flash File System
•
Class B Flash File Systems
Although the examples use flash: as the Flash file system, you may also use the other Flash file systems listed.
Class A Flash File System
The following three examples show sample output for Class A Flash file systems. Table 37 describes the significant fields shown in the display.
The following is sample output from the show flash: command.
-#- ED --type-- --crc--- -seek-- nlen -length- -----date/time------ name
1 .. unknown 317FBA1B 4A0694 24 4720148 Aug 29 1997 17:49:36
hampton/nitro/c7200-j-mz
2 .. unknown 9237F3FF 92C574 11 4767328 Oct 01 1997 18:42:53 c7200-js-mz
3 .D unknown 71AB01F1 10C94E0 10 7982828 Oct 01 1997 18:48:14 rsp-jsv-mz
4 .D unknown 96DACD45 10C97E0 8 639 Oct 02 1997 12:09:17 the_time
5 .. unknown 96DACD45 10C9AE0 3 639 Oct 02 1997 12:09:32 the_time
6 .D unknown 96DACD45 10C9DE0 8 639 Oct 02 1997 12:37:01 the_time
7 .. unknown 96DACD45 10CA0E0 8 639 Oct 02 1997 12:37:13 the_time
3104544 bytes available (17473760 bytes used)
Table 37 show (Class A Flash File System) Field Descriptions
Field
|
Description
|
#
|
Index number for the file.
|
ED
|
Whether the file contains an error (E) or is deleted (D).
|
type
|
File type (1 = configuration file, 2 = image file). The software displays these values only when the file type is certain. When the file type is unknown, the system displays "unknown" in this field.
|
crc
|
Cyclic redundant check for the file.
|
seek
|
Offset into the file system of the next file.
|
nlen
|
name length—Length of the filename.
|
length
|
Length of the file itself.
|
date/time
|
Date and time the file was created.
|
name
|
Name of the file.
|
The following is sample output from the show flash: chips command:
RouterA# show flash: chips
******** Intel Series 2+ Status/Register Dump ********
ATTRIBUTE MEMORY REGISTERS:
Config Option Reg (4000): 2
Config Status Reg (4002): 0
Card Status Reg (4100): 1
Write Protect Reg (4104): 4
Voltage Cntrl Reg (410C): 0
Rdy/Busy Mode Reg (4140): 2
COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 0
Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0
Compatible Status Reg: 8080
0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
8 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
16 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
24 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 1
Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0
Compatible Status Reg: 8080
0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
8 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
16 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
24 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 2
Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0
Compatible Status Reg: 8080
0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
8 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
16 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
24 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 3
Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0
Compatible Status Reg: 8080
0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
8 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
16 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
24 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
COMMON MEMORY REGISTERS: Bank 4
Intelligent ID Code : 8989A0A0
Compatible Status Reg: 8080
0 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
8 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
16 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
24 : B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0 B0B0
The following is sample output from the show flash: filesys command:
RouterA# show flash: filesys
-------- F I L E S Y S T E M S T A T U S --------
Magic Number = 6887635 File System Vers = 10000 (1.0)
Length = 1400000 Sector Size = 20000
Programming Algorithm = 4 Erased State = FFFFFFFF
File System Offset = 20000 Length = 13A0000
MONLIB Offset = 100 Length = C730
Bad Sector Map Offset = 1FFEC Length = 14
Squeeze Log Offset = 13C0000 Length = 20000
Squeeze Buffer Offset = 13E0000 Length = 20000
Bytes Used = 10AA0E0 Bytes Available = 2F5F20
Bad Sectors = 0 Spared Sectors = 0
OK Files = 4 Bytes = 90C974
Deleted Files = 3 Bytes = 79D3EC
Files w/Errors = 0 Bytes = 0
The following is sample output from the show flash: command:
1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24
[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)\
The following example shows detailed information about the second partition in internal Flash memory:
RouterB# show flash: partition 2
System flash directory, partition 2:
1 1711088 dirt/images/c3600-i-mz
[1711152 bytes used, 15066064 available, 16777216 total]
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
Class B Flash File Systems
Table 38 describes significant fields shown in the displays.
Table 38 show (Class B Flash File System) all Fields
Field
|
Description
|
addr
|
Address of the file in Flash memory.
|
available
|
Total number of bytes available in Flash memory.
|
Bank
|
Bank number.
|
Bank-Size
|
Size of bank in bytes.
|
bytes used
|
Total number of bytes used in Flash memory.
|
ccksum
|
Computed checksum.
|
Chip
|
Chip number.
|
Code
|
Code number.
|
Copy-Mode
|
Method by which the partition can be copied to:
• RXBOOT-MANUAL indicates a user can copy manually by reloading to the boot ROM image.
• RXBOOT-FLH indicates user can copy via Flash load helper.
• Direct indicates user can copy directly into Flash memory.
• None indicates that it is not possible to copy into that partition.
|
fcksum
|
Checksum recorded in Flash memory.
|
File
|
Number of the system image file. If no filename is specified in the boot system flash command, the router boots the system image file with the lowest file number.
|
Free
|
Number of bytes free in partition.
|
Length
|
Size of the system image file (in bytes).
|
Name
|
Name of chip manufacturer and chip type.
|
Name/status
|
Filename and status of a system image file. The status [invalidated] appears when a file has been rewritten (recopied) into Flash memory. The first (now invalidated) copy of the file is still present within Flash memory, but it is rendered unusable in favor of the newest version. The [invalidated] status can also indicate an incomplete file that results from the user abnormally terminating the copy process, a network timeout, or a Flash memory overflow.
|
Partition
|
Partition number in Flash memory.
|
Size
|
Size of partition (in bytes) or size of chip.
|
State
|
State of the partition. It can be one of the following values:
• Read-Only indicates the partition that is being executed from.
• Read/Write is a partition that can be copied to.
|
System flash directory
|
Flash directory and its contents.
|
total
|
Total size of Flash memory (in bytes).
|
Used
|
Number of bytes used in partition.
|
The following is sample output from the show flash: all command:
Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy Mode
1 16384K 4040K 12343K 4096K Read/Write Direct
1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24
[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
1 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
1 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
1 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
1 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
The following is sample output from the show flash: all command on a router with Flash memory partitioned:
System flash partition information:
Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy-Mode
1 4096K 3459K 637K 4096K Read Only RXBOOT-FLH
2 4096K 3224K 872K 4096K Read/Write Direct
System flash directory, partition 1:
1 3459720 master/igs-bfpx.100-4.3
[3459784 bytes used, 734520 available, 4194304 total]
4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read ONLY)
1 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
2 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
3 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
4 1 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
Executing current image from System flash [partition 1]
System flash directory, partition2:
[3224072 bytes used, 970232 available, 4194304 total]
4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
1 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
2 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
3 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
4 2 89A2 1024KB INTEL 28F008SA
The following is sample output from the show flash: chips command:
RouterB> show flash: chips
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
1 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
1 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
1 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
1 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
2 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
3 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
4 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080
The following is sample output from the show flash: detailed command:
RouterB> show flash: detailed
1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24
[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
The following is sample output from the show flash: err command:
1 4137888 c3640-c2is-mz.Feb24
[4137952 bytes used, 12639264 available, 16777216 total]
16384K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
Chip Bank Code Size Name erase write
1 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
2 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
3 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
4 1 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
1 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
2 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
3 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
4 2 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
1 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
2 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
3 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
4 3 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
1 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
2 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
3 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
4 4 01D5 1024KB AMD 29F080 0 0
See Table 38 for a description of the fields. The show flash: err command also displays two extra fields: erase and write. The erase field indications the number of erase errors. The write field indicates the number of write errors.
The following is sample output from the show flash summary command on a router with Flash memory partitioned. The partition in the Read Only state is the partition from which the Cisco IOS image is being executed.
Router# show flash summary
System flash partition information:
Partition Size Used Free Bank-Size State Copy-Mode
1 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read Only RXBOOT-FLH
2 4096K 2048K 2048K 2048K Read/Write Direct
Related Commands
Command
|
Description
|
more
|
Displays the contents of any file in the Cisco IOS File System.
|
show memory scan
To monitor the number and type of parity (memory) errors on your system, use the show memory scan EXEC command.
show memory scan
Syntax Description
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Defaults
No default behavior or values
Command Modes
EXEC
Command History
Release
|
Modification
|
12.0(4)XE
|
This command was introduced.
|
12.0(7)T
|
This command was implemented in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(7) T.
|
Examples
The following example shows a result with no memory errors:
No parity error has been detected.
If errors are detected in the system, the show memory scan command generates an error report. In the following example, memory scan detected a parity error:
Address BlockPtr BlckSize Disposit Region Timestamp
6115ABCD 60D5D090 9517A4 Scrubed Local 16:57:09 UTC Thu Mar 18
Table 39 describes the fields contained in the error report.
Table 39 show memory scan Field Descriptions
Field
|
Description
|
Address
|
The byte address where the error occurred.
|
BlockPtr
|
The pointer to the block that contains the error.
|
BlckSize
|
The size of the memory block
|
Disposit
|
The action taken in response to the error:
• BlockInUse—An error was detected in a busy block.
• InFieldPrev—An error was detected in the previous field of a block header.
• InHeader—An error was detected in a block header.
• Linked—A block was linked to a bad list.
• MScrubed—The same address was "scrubbed" more than once, and the block was linked to a bad list.
• MultiError—Multiple errors have been found in one block.
• NoBlkHdr—No block header was found.
• NotYet—An error was found; no action has been taken at this time.
• Scrubed—An error was "scrubbed."
• SplitLinked—A block was split, and only a small portion was linked to a bad list.
|
Region
|
The memory region in which the error was found:
• IBSS—image BSS
• IData—imagedata
• IText—imagetext
• local—heap
|
Timestamp
|
The time the error occurred.
|
write memory
The write memory command has been replaced by the copy system:running-config nvram: startup-config command. See the description of the copy command in this "Cisco IOS File System Commands" chapter for more information.
write network
The write network command is replaced by the copy system:running-config destination-url. See the description of the copy command in this "Cisco IOS File System Commands" chapter for more information.