Downloads |
 Feedback
|
Table Of Contents
Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs
SNMP for Stateful Switchover
Feature History
This document describes the enhancements and modifications made to the Cisco IOS Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) infrastructure in order to support stateful switchover (SSO) for Route Processors (RPs). It includes the following sections:
•
Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs
Feature Overview
The SNMP and stateful switchover feature helps to improve the availability of networks made up of Cisco IOS-based networking devices. Using SSO, a networking device with redundant RPs will continue forwarding traffic, continue operating as a routing protocol peer, and remain manageable under a set of circumstances that ordinarily would cause an interruption in service.
The SSO feature allows one of the processors on the networking device to operate as the active RP, which passes the necessary system, routing, and application state information to the standby RP. Upon switchover, the standby RP quickly assumes the role of active RP. The goal of SNMP network management with SSO functionality is to provide an uninterrupted management interface to the end user during and after a switchover. For more information about the SSO feature, see the Related Documents section.
Network Management for SSO
Network management support for SSO is provided through the synchronization of specific SNMP data between the active and standby RPs. From a network management perspective, this synchronization helps to provide an uninterrupted management interface to the network administrator.
Note
Network management services for SSO address a number of issues, which are described in the following sections:
Uninterrupted Service
When a networking device uses SSO, the network management engine of the standby RP should be indistinguishable from the network management engine of the active RP. A network management system (NMS) should not interpret a switchover to mean that a new device has come up.
The sysUpTime MIB object reports the system uptime. To prevent a switchover from being flagged as a restart, this object is synchronized between the active and the standby RPs. As a result, no coldStart or warmStart traps will be generated as a result of the switchover—the ciscoRFSwactNotif notification is used to signal a switchover.
Communication with the NMS
Counters and Statistics
The various counters and statistics maintained in the RP are not synchronized because they may change often and the degree of synchronization they require is substantial. They also are not critical to the system operation. Because of this lack of synchronization, counter objects experience a discontinuity after a switchover. The cRFStatusFailoverTime will be the value of sysUpTime when any one or more of the counters experiences a discontinuity.
Switchover Notification
The ciscoRFSwactNotif notification informs the NMS about a switchover. This notification provides information regarding the unit ID of the originator of the notification, the newly active redundant unit, the sysUptime data, and reason codes for why a switchover has occurred. The NMS can then use the ciscoRFSwactNotif notification to resynchronize the counter statistics values, if necessary. For more information, see the "CISCO-RF-MIB Support" section.
Traps
Only notifications generated on the active RP are sent to the notification destination. None of the notifications generated on the standby RP are sent to the notification destination. Furthermore, notifications might be lost if they were generated on the active RP before a switchover. The NMS should be aware of these constraints.
SSO MIB Support
This section describes the level of synchronization supported by the MIBs Cisco IOS release 12.0(22)S. MIBs that are not listed in this section do not synchronize data between the redundant units. MIB synchronization for SSO only occurs when the system is in SSO mode.
SSO MIB support has three parts:
•
•
•
SNMP Configuration MIBs
All the objects in the following MIBs that contain SNMP configuration data are synchronized between the active and standby RPs:
•
•
•
•
•
Core MIBs
Core MIBs are as follows:
•
–
–
–
–
•
CISCO-RF-MIB Support
The CISCO-RF-MIB provides configuration control and status for the redundancy facility (RF) subsystem. The CISCO-RF-MIB has been modified to support SSO functionality. A new cRFHistory subgroup has been added in this release. The subgroup consists of one table (cRFHistorySwitchOverTable) and three objects (cRFHistoryTableMaxLength, cRFHistoryColdStarts, and cRFHistoryStandbyAvailTime), as follows:
•
–
–
–
- unsupported—This feature is unsupported.
- none—No switchover has occurred.
- notKnown—The reason is unknown.
- userInitiated—A safe, manual switchover was initiated by the user.
- userForced—A manual switchover was forced by the user. Preconditions, warnings, and safety checks were ignored.
- activeUnitFailed—An active RP fault caused an automatic switchover.
- activeUnitRemoved—The active RP was removed, which caused an automatic switchover.
–
•
•
•
Two objects related to switchover status have been added:
•
•
Benefits
SNMP network management with SSO functionality ensures an uninterrupted management interface to the end user. The network administrator can differentiate a switchover from a system restart based on the notification type (for example, ciscoRFSwactNotif for switchover and coldStart or warmStart for system restarts). Uninterrupted service also includes synchronizing the SNMP configuration and data from core MIBs such as IF-MIB and ENTITY-MIB to the standby RP.
Restrictions
Counter and Statistics
Statistics and counter values will not be synchronized from the active to the standby RP.
MIB Limitations
No MIBs other than the ones mentioned in the "MIB Support" section are synchronized between the active and the standby RPs.
Possible Failure of SNMP Requests
SNMP requests might fail during the switchover process, that is, while the standby RP is taking over as the active RP. Data in the unsynchronized MIBs may be out of synchronization, and the information in these MIBs might be lost on a switchover.
Related Documents
•
•
•
•
•
Supported Platforms
•
•
•
Determining Platform Support Through Cisco Feature Navigator
Cisco IOS software is packaged in feature sets that support specific platforms. To get updated information regarding platform support for this feature, access Cisco Feature Navigator. Cisco Feature Navigator dynamically updates the list of supported platforms as new platform support is added for the feature.
Cisco Feature Navigator is a web-based tool that enables you to quickly determine which Cisco IOS software images support a specific set of features and which features are supported in a specific Cisco IOS image. You can search by feature or release. Under the release section, you can compare releases side by side to display both the features unique to each software release and the features in common.
Cisco Feature Navigator is updated regularly when major Cisco IOS software releases and technology releases occur. For the most current information, go to the Cisco Feature Navigator home page at the following URL:
Supported Standards, MIBs, and RFCs
Standards
No new or modified standards are supported by this feature.
MIBs
The following MIBs are supported with SSO in regard to state maintenance across a switchover:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
To obtain lists of supported MIBs by platform and Cisco IOS release, and to download MIB modules, go to the Cisco MIB website on Cisco.com at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml
RFCs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Prerequisites
The router must be in SSO mode.
Configuration Tasks
To configure the router to run in SSO mode, refer to the documents listed in the "Related Documents" section for your specific platform. For further information on configuring SNMP support, refer to the "Configuring SNMP Support" chapter of Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide, Release 12.2.
Verifying SSO
To verify that the router is running in SSO mode, refer to the documents listed in the "Related Documents" section for your specific platform.
Troubleshooting Tips
•
•
Configuration Examples
For SSO configuration examples, refer to the documents listed in the "Related Documents" section for your specific platform.
Command Reference
This section documents modified commands. All other commands used with this feature are documented in the Cisco IOS high availability stateful switchover publications for various releases.
debug snmp sync
To debug Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) synchronization and faults in synchronization, use the debug snmp sync command in privileged EXEC mode. To disable the display of debugging output, use the no form of this command.
debug snmp sync
no debug snmp sync
Syntax Description
This command has no arguments or keywords.
Defaults
Disabled
Command Modes
Privileged EXEC
Command History
Usage Guidelines
The debug snmp sync command can be used to debug SNMP synchronization and faults in synchronization. The standby Route Processor (RP) may sometimes reset as a result of synchronization faults. If the fault occurs when SNMP activities such as SNMP sets are in progress, enter the debug snmp sync command to identify whether a synchronization fault caused the reset.
SNMP synchronizations (dynamic and bulk) are performed only if the router is configured to be in stateful switchover (SSO) mode.
Examples
The following example enables debugging of SNMP synchronization activity:
router> debug snmp syncRelated Commands
debug snmp packets
Displays information about every SNMP packet sent or received by the networking device.
mode
Configures the redundancy mode of operation.
show redundancy
To display the current redundancy mode, use the show redundancy command in privileged EXEC mode.
show redundancy [clients | counters | history | states | switchover]
Cisco 12000 Series Internet Routers
show redundancy [all | arbitration | clients | counters | history | negotiation | switchover | standby-cpu | states | trace | trace all]
Syntax Description
Command Modes
Privileged EXEC
Command History
Usage Guidelines
Use this command to display the redundancy of a Cisco IOS series Internet routers.
Examples
The following example shows redundancy switchover history information:
router# show redundancy switchover historyIndex Prev Active Curr Active Swact Reason Swact Time1 1 0 unsupported 8:03:52 UTC ThuNov 29 20012 0 1 unsupported 08:07:00 UTC ThuNov 29 2001Table 1 describes the significant fields shown in the display.
Table 1 show redundancy Field Descriptions
Related Commands
